The catalase test is a simple and rapid biochemical test used in microbiology to identify organisms that produce the enzyme catalase. Catalase breaks down hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) into water (H₂O) and oxygen (O₂). This is important for differentiating between certain groups of bacteria, particularly Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp.
Principle:
The enzyme catalase protects the organism from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species. When hydrogen peroxide is added to a bacterial colony, the presence of catalase is indicated by the rapid release of oxygen bubbles.
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Catalase-Positive Organisms (bubbles observed) |
Catalase-Negative Organisms (bubbles not observed) |
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- Staphylococcus - Micrococcus |
- Streptococcus - Enterococcus - Pneumococcus |