The Charsi of Medical Literature

Marfan syndrome

March 2, 2026Ophthalmology

Genetics: Autosomal dominant (AD) Caused by a mutation in the FBN1 gene, which affects the production of extracellular glycoprotein fibrillin-1. [PYQ: NEET PG 2024] Pathophysiology- • Disrupted Microfibrils • Excessive TGF-β signaling Signs and symptoms- Ocular, cardiovascular, skeletal features Ocular features: • Bilateral ectopia lentis (dislocation of eye lens)- Superior temporally (Mnemonic: Mast, Ma=Marfan, st = Superior temporal) Cardiovascular features: […]

Capnography

Anaesthesia

Capnography

March 1, 2026Anaesthesia

• Measurement and graphical display of CO₂ levels in exhaled air. • Main parameter: ETCO₂ (End-Tidal CO₂), the amount of CO₂ present in the exhaled air at the end of expiration. • Normal ETCO₂ Range: 35–45 mmHg • Used in: ICU, ER, Operation theatre, during CPR, sedation, mechanical ventilation. • Type: Non-invasive, continuous One graph of capnography = One respiratory cycle […]

Nishchay

Community medicine (PSM / SPM)

Nishchay

March 1, 2026Community medicine (PSM / SPM)

‘Nischay Kits’ are home-based Urine Pregnancy Test (UPT) kits distributed free of charge by ASHA workers. Nikshay mitra:- – It is an online system used in India to track and monitor the RNTCP & NTEP. ✅ FMGE January 2024 (1) – It’s a web-based portal/app used to register, monitor and manage TB patients nationwide (both […]

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