Pharmacology

General anesthesia

A. Inhalational general anesthetics – 1. Gas – Nitrous oxide 2. Volatile liquid – Isoflurane, Sevoflurane NOTE : All inhalational general anesthesia drugs mention on anesthesia machine. (See below image) B. Intravenous general anesthetics – 1. Fast acting – Propofol (It looks like milk, see below image), Thiopentone sodium 2. Slow acting –    a.

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease

What is GERD? Due to Reflux of gastric content/content from stomach to esophagus. Cause of GERD- Due to decrease lower esophageal sphincter (LES) tone, LES is not properly closed, as result gastric content reflux into esophagus and damage the mucosa of esophagus. (See Treatmentof GERD – Prokinetic drug) Treatment of GERD – 1. PPI (Proton

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Bell’s Palsy

Overview:  In this topic we covered – Facial Nerve branches Bell’s Palsy Bell’s Phenomenon Lagophthalmos Exposure Keratopathy Corneal Ulcers Epiphora or Watering Eye Paralytic Ectropion Treatment Facial Nerve: Branches Overview Greater Petrosal Nerve: Join Deep Petrosal Nerve ( from Sympathetic nerve plexus around Internal Carotid Artery ) and form Nerve of Pterygoid Canal Br. to

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