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Wilson and menke disease
Wilson disease Menke disease 1. Autosomal recessive 1. X linked recessive 2. Mutation in the ATP7B gene 2. Mutation in the ATP7A gene 3. Defective copper excretion (Copper overload in body) 3. Impaired copper absorption (Copper deficiency in body)
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Lignocaine
Three type of lignocaine are available- 1. Lignocaine without preservative 2. Lignocaine with preservative 3. Lignocaine with preservative + Adrenaline Other local anesthetics- 1. Bupivacaine 2. Proparacaine
Ambu bag
Ambu bag parts – 1. Inlet – a. Oxygen inlet: Connect with oxygen cylinder. b. Air inlet: Connect with oxygen reservoir bag. 2. Outlet – a. Mask attach on it.b. One way valve present 3. Pop-off valve 4. Bag AMBU (Artificial Manual Breathing Unit)
Scabies
Highlights: 1. Caused by sarcoptes scabei (Itch mite). 2. Pathognomonic sign – Burrow 3. Hebra circle 4. Treatment – Scabicides (Kill mite) and Antihistamines (Reduce itching) Reference: 1. GHAI Essential Pediatrics, Vinod K Paul and Arvind Bagga, 9th Edition, P. No. 699, 700
Eclampsia
Eclampsia – 1. Convulsion present 2. Patient blood pressure >140/90 mm of Hg 3. Protein present in patient urine (Proteinuria) Magnesium sulphate toxicity (signs) – 1. Deep tendon reflex (Patellar reflex) – absent/decrease 2. Respiratory rate decrease – less then 16 /min (It’s check by pulse oximeter) 3. Urine output decrease – less then 30
Beta Lactam Antibiotics
Beta Lactam antibiotics – 1. Cephalosporins – Ceftriaxone (3rd generation cephalosporin)2. Penicillins – Piperacillin, Amoxycillin 3. Monobactam – Aztreonam4. Carbapenems – Meropenem Beta Lactamase Inhibitor – 1. Clavulanic acid2. Tazobactam3. Sulbactam
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Laryngoscope
Laryngoscope is divide into two parts – (see image below) 1. Handle 2. Blade – Curved blade (Macintosh blade) and straight blade (Miller blade)
General anesthesia
A. Inhalational general anesthetics – 1. Gas – Nitrous oxide 2. Volatile liquid – Isoflurane, Sevoflurane NOTE : All inhalational general anesthesia drugs mention on anesthesia machine. (See below image) B. Intravenous general anesthetics – 1. Fast acting – Propofol (It looks like milk, see below image), Thiopentone sodium 2. Slow acting – a.
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