The Charsi of Medical literature
Scapular anastomosis
Anastomosis around scapula- 1. Anastomosis over acromion process 2. Anastomosis around body of scapula
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Lactic acidosis
Lactic acidosis cause- 1. Due to increase production of lactic acid (anaerobic condition – hypoxia, anoxia, shock etc.) 2. Due to decrease utilization of lactic acid (gluconeogenesis and krebs cycle)
Perineal body
1. Transverse perineal muscle a. Superficial (two in number) b. Deep (two in number) 2. Bulbo spongiosus muscle (two in number) 3. Levator ani (two in number) 4. Extensor anal sphincter 5. Longitudinal muscle coat of anal canal
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
Chart Overview- 1. Pentose Phosphate Pathway 2. Hemolytic Anemia 3. G-6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme4. Glutathione 5. Glutathione peroxidase and reductase 6. Heinz bodies
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Carbohydrate metabolism
Chart Overview – 1. Sorbitol or polyol pathway 2. Glycolysis3. Fructose metabolism4. Galactose metabolism5. Uronic acid pathway6. Glycogenesis7. Glycogenolysis 8. Pentose phosphate pathway9. Gluconeogenesis 10. Krebs cycle
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Gastroesophageal reflux disease
What is GERD? Due to Reflux of gastric content/content from stomach to esophagus. Cause of GERD- Due to decrease lower esophageal sphincter (LES) tone, LES is not properly closed, as result gastric content reflux into esophagus and damage the mucosa of esophagus. (See Treatmentof GERD – Prokinetic drug) Treatment of GERD – 1. PPI (Proton
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Allen’s test
It is perform to examine the artery patency. Hand blood supply- 1. Superficial palmar arch 2. Deep palmar arch
Axilla anatomy
Topic Overview- 1. Boundaries 2. Content 3. Clinicals 4. Additional topics Axilla is present between lateral part of chest wall and upper part of arm. It is a pyramid shape structure that’s why we study axilla boundary into apex, base and four wall. 1. Boundaries- Apex –Apex of axilla is passage between neck and axilla that’s