Change after birth: 1. Left umblical vein – Ligamentum teres 2. Ductus venosus – Ligamentum venosum 3. Foramen ovale – Close 4. Ductus arteriosus – Ligamentum arteriosum 5. Umblical artery – a. Distal part: Medial umblical ligament b. Proximal part: Superior vesical artery Recommended TCML charts and videos-
What is GERD? Due to Reflux of gastric content/content from stomach to esophagus. Cause of GERD- Due to decrease lower esophageal sphincter (LES) tone, LES is not properly closed, as result gastric content reflux into esophagus and damage the mucosa of esophagus. (See Treatmentof GERD – Prokinetic drug) Treatment of GERD – 1. PPI (Proton
Gastroesophageal reflux disease Read More »
It is perform to examine the artery patency. Hand blood supply- 1. Superficial palmar arch 2. Deep palmar arch
Chart Overview- A. Stomach bedB. Stomach posterior relation Stomach bed is also called posterior relation of stomach because structures that form stomach bed are present posterior side of stomach. Total eight structures form the stomach bed which is given below. 1. Diaphragm (left crus)2. Suprarenal gland (Left side)3. Kidney (Left side)4. Splenic artery (It is
Chart Overview- 1. Hyperglycemia 2. Hexokinase 3. Aldolase reductase 4. Sorbitol 5. Insulin Insensitive Cells 6. Complication of Diabetes 7. Diabetic cataract
Sorbitol pathway and diabetic cataract Read More »
Overview- 1. Muscles present in pectoral region 2. Muscles present between ribs and scapula bone 3. Muscle present between vertebral column and humerus bone 4. Muscle present between scapula and humerus bone 5. Muscle present between scapula, clavicle and humerus 6. Arm muscles- Anterior and posterior compartment 7. Forearm – Flexor and extensor compartment 8.
Upper limb muscles Read More »
Complications of gallstone/cholelithiasis- 1. Obstruction of extra hepatic biliary apparatus and gastrointestinal tract 2. Compression of common hepatic duct and common bile duct 3. Fistula between gallbladder and it’s surrounding structures 1. Obstruction – A. Extra hepatic biliary apparatus (EHBA) – 1. Cystic duct (CD)Due to obstruction of cystic duct by gallstone it causes acute
Hurry! Now All TCML Handwritten notes/charts and videos are available on TCML Mobile App and it is FREE for all students. Download the TCML app for Android and Ios from below link. IOS: Click here ANDROID: Click here How to login inside TCML Mobile App – A. If you are new to the TCML app, please follow
Overview – 1. SCALP layer’s 2. Meninges 3. Extra cranial or SCALP haemorrhage 4. Intra cranial hemorrhage 5. Cause Download here Layers from outside to inside – 1. Skin 2. Connective tissue 3. Aponeurosis or epicranial aponeurosis or galea aponeurotica 4. Loose connective tissue / Sub aponeurotic space 5. Pericardium / Outer periosteum 6. Outer
Intracranial hemorrhage Read More »
