Upper limb muscles

Overview-

1. Muscles present in pectoral region
2. Muscles present between ribs and scapula bone
3. Muscle present between vertebral column and humerus bone
4. Muscle present between scapula and humerus bone
5. Muscle present between scapula, clavicle and humerus
6. Arm muscles- Anterior and posterior compartment
7. Forearm – Flexor and extensor compartment
8. Hand muscles

Here we have covered all upper limb muscles and these muscles nomenclature.

Pectoral region, scapular region, arm, forearm, and hand muscles is included inside the upper limb muscles.

1. Muscles present in pectoral region

1. Pectoralis major
2. Pectoralis minor
3. Subclavius muscle

2. Muscles present between ribs and scapula bone

1. Serratus anterior muscle – It is supplied by long thoracic nerve.

3. Muscle present between vertebral column and humerus bone

1. Trapezius muscle
2. Lattismus dorsi muscle
3. Levator Scapulae (Elevate the scapula)
4. Rhomboid minor muscle
5. Rhomboid major muscle

4. Muscle present between scapula and humerus bone

1. Supra spinatous muscle (Present in supra spinatous fossa of scapula)
2. Infra spinatous muscle (Present in supra spinatous fossa of scapula)
3. Teres minor muscle
4. Sub Scapularis
5. Teres major muscle

NOTE : Supra and infra spinatous fossa present on posterior or dorsal surface of scapula bone.

NOTE : Scapula ventral surface is also called subscapular/costal surface and subscapular muscle attached on it.

For more detail see TCML scapula bone chart (Click on below pic)

5. Muscle present between Scapula, clavicle bone, humerus bone

1. Deltoid muscle – It is supplied by axillary nerve.

6. Arm muscles-

Anterior compartment
1. Brachialis
2. Biceps brachii (Two headed muscle)
3. Coracobrachialis (Coraco means coracoid process of scapula bone)

NOTE : Don’t get confused with brachioradialis muscle, It is the superficial muscle of forearm.

Posterior compartment
1. Triceps brachii (Three headed muscle) – It is supplied by radial nerve.

NOTE : Muscles name based on head.

1. Biceps means muscle have two head
2. Triceps means muscle have three head
3. Quadriceps means muscle have four head
Example – Quadriceps femoris muscle (You will study it in lower limb anatomy)

7. Forearm muscles

A. Flexor Compartment –

Superficial muscles
1. PT (Pronator Teres)
2. FCR (Flexor Carpi Radialis)
3. PL (Palmaris Longus)
4. FDS (Flexor Digitorum Superficialis)
5. FCU (Flexor Carpi Ulnaris)

Deep muscles
1. FDP (Flexor Digitorum Pollicis)
2. FPL (Flexor Pollicis Longus)
3. PQ (Pronator Quadratus)

B. Extensor Compartment –

Superficial muscles
1. Anconeus
2. BR (Brachio Radialis)
3. ECRL (Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus)
4. ECRB (Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis)
5. ED (Extensor Digitorum)
6. EDM (Extensor Digiti Minimi)
7. ECU (Extensor Carpi Ulnaris)

Deep muscles
1. Supinator
2. APL (Abductor Pollicis Longus)
3. EPB (Extensor Pollicis Brevis)
4. EPL (Extensor Pollicis Longus)
5. EI (Extensor Indicis)

NOTE : Muscles name based on finger.

1. Pollicis is use for thumb (for 1st finger)

2. Digitorum is use for index, middle, ring, and little finger (for 2, 3, 4, 5th fingers)

3. Indicis is use for index finger (2nd finger)

4. Digiti Minimi is use for little finger (5th finger)

8. Hand muscles

1. Thenar eminence
APB (Abductor Pollicis Brevis)
FPB (Flexor Pollicis Brevis)
OP (Opponens Pollicis)
AP (Adductor Pollicis)

2. Hypothenar eminence
ADM (Abductor Digiti Minimi)
FDM (Flexor Digiti Minimi)
ODM (Opponens Digiti Minimi)
PB (Palmaris Brevis)

3. Lumbricals – 1, 2, 3, 4
4. Palmar interossi or PI
5. Dorsal iterossi or DI

NOTE : Muscles name based on length.

1. Longus – Longus means the muscle is long in length.
2. Brevis – Brevis means the muscle is small in length.