Complications of gallstone/cholelithiasis- 1. Obstruction of extra hepatic biliary apparatus and gastrointestinal tract 2. Compression of common hepatic duct and common bile duct 3. Fistula between gallbladder and it’s surrounding structures 1. Obstruction – A. Extra hepatic biliary apparatus (EHBA) – 1. Cystic duct (CD)Due to obstruction of cystic duct by gallstone it causes acute […]
Overview – 1. SCALP layer’s 2. Meninges 3. Extra cranial or SCALP haemorrhage 4. Intra cranial hemorrhage 5. Cause Download here Layers from outside to inside – 1. Skin 2. Connective tissue 3. Aponeurosis or epicranial aponeurosis or galea aponeurotica 4. Loose connective tissue / Sub aponeurotic space 5. Pericardium / Outer periosteum 6. Outer
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Overview – 1. Subarachnoid space 2. Cause 3. Clinical features 4. Diagnosis ● Subarachnoid space – It is present between arachnoid and piamater. ● Circle of willis (COW) and CSF both are present in subarachnoid space (Inter peduncular cistern) NOTE – Inter peduncular cistern is a subarachnoid space and it contain circle of willis. ●
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Overview 1. Femoral nerve and it’s branches 2. Cutaneous nerve of thigh 3. Patellar plexus 4. Muscles of anterior compartment of thigh 5. Hip joint nerve supply 6. Knee joint nerve supply 7. Clinicals In lower limb anatomy we study five main nerves 1. Femoral nerve 2. Obturator nerve 3. Sciatic nerve 4. Tibial nerve
Overview- 1. Blood Supply 2. Anastomosis 3. Venous drainage 4. Covering 5. Nerve and plexus 6. Retinaculum 7. Boundaries and content 8. Joints 9. Viscera 10. NeuroAnatomy 11. Embryology 12. Histology 1. Blood Supply 1. Aorta parts and it’s branches 2. Heart blood supply (Aortic sinus) – Right and left coronary artery Question. Myocardial infraction
Overview- 1. Epistaxis 2. Hemoptysis 3. Hematemesis 4. Hematochezia 5. Melena6. Hematouria Blood from Nose (Epistaxis) It is also called Epistaxis. Some important questions about nose bleeding. Question 1. Epistaxis is due to the rupture of Kiesselbach’s plexus which is present at little’s area of anterior inferior part of the nasal septum. Question 2. Four
Overview- 1. Dyspnea 2. Dysphonia 3. Dysphagia 4. Tracheal Deviation 5. Retrosternal goiter 6. Pemberton’s Sign Thyroid gland present in neck region and it have two lobe (Right and left) and both lobe are connect with isthmus. Thyroid gland present in front of the tracha and it secret three hormone 1. Thyroxine or tetra iodo
Overview- 1. Vertebral Artery- 4th part (Five branches)2. Basilar Artery- Five branches 3. Internal Carotid Artery (ICA)- 4th part (Five branches)4. Circle of Willis (COW)- Draw hexagon 5. Cerebellum blood supply- Three artery 6. Clinicals- Stroke, Ataxia, PICA syndrome (Wallenberg syndrome or Lateral medullary syndrome) NOTE: Vertebral, and Internal carotid artery- • Both artery are
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Overview- We covered pterion anatomy into below points. 1. Fontanelle- Pterion2. Location- Temporal fossa3. Formation 4. Artery- Middle meningeal artery 5. Nerve- Auriculotemporal nerve6. Hematoma7. Surgical landmark 8. Fracture 1. In pediatrics we read four fontanelle- A. Anterior fontanelle or BregmaB. Posterior fontanelle or LambdaC. Anterolateral fontanelle or Pterion D. Posterolateral fontanelle or Asterion Mnemonic:
Overview- 1. Boundaries- Anterior, posterior, superior, inferior, lateral, and medial. 2. Communication- Infratemporal fossa. 3. Content- Muscle, artery, and nerve. ● It is a fan shape, shallow fossa. ● Two in number and present on anterolateral side of the skull. ● Temporalis muscle (Fan shape muscle) are attached on it. 1. Boundaries- The boundaries of